Mavrilimumab is an investigational, fully human monoclonal antibody that targets the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor alpha (GM-CSFRα, also known as CD116). By binding to GM-CSFRα, it blocks the interaction between the receptor and its cytokine, GM-CSF, thereby inhibiting downstream JAK/STAT and MAPK signaling pathways. This blockade aims to reduce the activation, survival, and function of macrophages and other myeloid cells that drive inflammation and tissue damage. It has been clinically evaluated for the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, most notably rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and giant cell arteritis (GCA).