Interleukin-31 receptor alpha (IL-31RA) is the specific alpha subunit of the heterodimeric IL-31 receptor complex, which also includes the oncostatin M receptor beta (OSMRβ). This receptor is expressed on sensory neurons, keratinocytes, and immune cells in dogs. Binding of IL-31 (produced mainly by activated Th2 cells) to IL-31RA activates JAK/STAT, MAPK, and PI3K pathways, leading to the sensation of pruritus (itch), skin barrier dysfunction, and inflammation.