OX40 ligand (OX40L, CD252, TNFSF4) is a type II transmembrane protein expressed on antigen-presenting cells (e.g., dendritic cells, B cells, macrophages), endothelial cells, and some activated T cells. Its binding to OX40 (CD134) on activated CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells delivers a potent co-stimulatory signal that enhances T-cell clonal expansion, survival, memory formation, and cytokine production.