STEAP1, is involved in ion transport, cell proliferation, and tumor progression. Vandortuzumab’s binding enables selective delivery of potent chemotherapeutic payloads (e.g., microtubule inhibitors) to tumor cells, inducing apoptosis while sparing normal tissues. This ADC approach aims to improve therapeutic efficacy and overcome resistance in aggressive cancers with high STEAP1 expression, offering a targeted strategy for malignancies with limited treatment options.