CD163 is a hemoglobin-haptoglobin scavenger receptor predominantly expressed on monocytes and macrophages, especially in the anti-inflammatory M2-like polarization state. It plays a crucial role in clearing hemoglobin-haptoglobin complexes and has immunomodulatory functions. In the tumor microenvironment, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) often express high levels of CD163 and promote tumor progression, angiogenesis, and immunosuppression.