The cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) is a G protein-coupled receptor that is widely expressed in the brain (where it mediates the psychoactive effects of cannabinoids) and in peripheral organs such as the liver, adipose tissue, pancreas, and gastrointestinal tract. In the periphery, CB1R activation promotes lipogenesis, insulin resistance, inflammation, and fibrosis, contributing to metabolic dysfunction in conditions like obesity, type 2 diabetes, and NASH.